Alert SA-AFUN-05 (Cyp9m1/Cyp9m2)

This alert reports selection signals on Chromosome 2RL within the region 99,495,785-99,571,461 bp.

Selection signals

Selection signals overlapping this genome region are shown in the figure below.

Cohorts affected

Overlapping selection signals are found in the following cohorts.

Table 1. Cohorts with selection signals overlapping this selection alert.

Cohort	Country	Region	District	Taxon	Year	Quarter	Sample Size
Ghana / Adansi Akrofuom / funestus / 2014 / Q1	Ghana	Ashanti Region	Adansi Akrofuom	funestus	2014	1	31
Kenya / Nyando / funestus / 2014 / Q2	Kenya	Kisumu	Nyando	funestus	2014	2	35

Insecticide resistance genes

The following genes are found within this genome region and may be driving recent positive selection based on evidence for an association with insecticide resistance. Please note that other genes are also within the affected genome region and may be driving selection.

LOC125763458 (Cyp9m1, AFUN2_007336, AFUN015938)

This gene encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme. This gene has not been directly associated with insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, but other genes encoding cytochrome P450 enzymes have been associated with pyrethroid resistance. See also:

• Hearn et al. (2022) Multi‐omics analysis identifies a CYP9K1 haplotype conferring pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in East Africa

AFUN2_011244 (Cyp9m2, LOC125763445, AFUN016005)

This gene encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme. This gene has not been directly associated with insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, but other genes encoding cytochrome P450 enzymes have been associated with pyrethroid resistance. See also:

• Hearn et al. (2022) Multi‐omics analysis identifies a CYP9K1 haplotype conferring pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in East Africa